The cardiometabolic consequences of replacing saturated fats with carbohydrates or Ω-6 polyunsaturated fats

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Tips om en intressant artikel från Open Heart (BMJ publication) HÄR

 

Sammanfattning 

In summary, the benefits of a low-fat diet (particularly a diet replacing saturated fats with carbohydrates or Ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids) are severely challenged. Dietary guidelines should assess the totality of the evidence and strongly reconsider their recommendations for replacing saturated fats with carbohydrates or Ω-6 polyunsaturated fats.

 

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The potential harms of replacing saturated fat with carbohydrates or Ω-6 polyunsaturated fats

The potential harms of replacing saturated fat with carbohydrates

• Increase in small, dense LDL particles.

• Shift to an overall atherogenic lipid profile (lower HDL-C, increase in triglycerides and an increase in the ApoB/ApoA-1 ratio).

• Smaller improvements in glucose tolerance, body fatness, weight, inflammation and thrombogenic markers.

• Increased incidence of diabetes and obesity.

The potential harms of replacing saturated fat with omega-6 polyunsaturated fats

• Increased risk of cancer.

• Increased risk of coronary heart disease, cardiovascular events, death due to heart disease and overall mortality.

• Increased oxidised LDL-C.

• Reduction in HDL-C.

• ​​Dietary recommendations based on evidence from the literature

• Dietary guideline recommendations suggesting the replacement of saturated fat with carbohydrates/Ω-6 polyunsaturated fats do not reflect the current evidence in the literature.

• A change in these recommendations is drastically needed as public health could be at risk.

• The increase in the prevalence of diabetes and obesity in the USA occurred with an increase in the consumption of carbohydrate not saturated fat.

• There is no conclusive proof that a low-fat diet has any positive effects on health. Indeed, the literature indicates a general lack of any effect (good or bad) from a reduction in fat intake.

• The public fear that saturated fat raises cholesterol is completely unfounded as the low-density lipoprotein particle size distribution is worsened when fat is replaced with carbohydrate.

• A public health campaign is drastically needed to educate on the harms of a diet high in carbohydrate/sugar.

• It would be naive to assume that any recommendations related to carbohydrate or fat intake would apply to processed foods, which undoubtedly should be avoided if possible.