Jump to content

Långa och korta fettkedjor påverkar immunsystemet olika?


Johanna07

Recommended Posts

Diet Affects Progression of Autoimmune Diseases

 

Dietary fatty acids affect the development and progression of autoimmune chronic-inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis. In a collaborative study between the Departments of Neurology at the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (St. Josef-Hospital) and the Friedrich Alexander Universtiy Erlangen, researchers now found that long-chain fatty acids promote the development and propagation of CNS reactive immune cells in the intestinal wall. On the contrary, short-chain fatty acids promote the development and propagation of regulatory cells in the immune system. Aiden Haghikia and Ralf Linker published their results in the current edition of the renowned journal Immunity.

 

Intestinal bacteria play a significant role in health and disease
The research focus within the medical community has increasingly centered on the human intestine and its bacterial population, the so-called microbiome, especially in neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis. Here, cumulative evidence suggests a considerable influence of the intestinal microbiome on disease emergence and progression. The interaction between intestinal contents and the immune system is influenced by different factors. In particular, diet as an integral part of daily life and the most evident environmental factor has drastically changed in industrialized nations.

 

Short-chain fatty acids regulate inflammatory responses
In the current study, researchers demonstrated in both the cell culture dish and in an experimental model, that long-chain fatty acids, such as lauric acid, promote the development and propagation of inflammatory cells in the intestinal wall. On the contrary, short-chain fatty acids, first and foremost propionic acid (or its salt propionate), lead to the development and propagation of regulatory cells of the immune system in the intestinal wall. These cells have the capacity to regulate excessive inflammatory responses and autoreactive immune cells.

 

Important role for metabolic products of intestinal bacteria
Interestingly enough, the researchers did not observe any effects of dietary fatty acids once the intestine was entirely germ-free. This suggests that the intestinal microbiome is directly involved in the mechanism of fatty acid action. Further experiments showed that it is rather the metabolic products of the microbiome than a single bacterial strain which is holds responsible for the observed effects.

 

New therapy in sight
Today, researchers assume that autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis are caused by an imbalance between weakened regulatory and pro-inflammatory autoimmune mechanisms. Still, the large majority of approved immunotherapies aims at weakening or blocking pro-inflammatory components of the immune system. By strengthening regulatory pathways, for example by using propionate as a supplement to established drugs, therapies could be further optimized. The researchers from Bochum and Erlangen now plan to employ the gained insights to develop innovative dietary add-on therapies to established immunotherapies in multiple sclerosis.

 

http://www.laboratoryequipment.com/news/2015/10/diet-affects-progression-autoimmune-diseases

  • Like 2
Link to comment
Share on other sites

Kul med lite ny input.. du får gärna  sammanfatta, det vesäntliga!

 

Sen så.. Laurinsyra var ingen lång fettsyra senast jag kollade utan en medellång.. dvs MCT.. som i andra studier visat sig ha bra egenskaper i tarmen iomed att den omvandlas till monolaurin.

 

Är det samma gamla mumbojumbo om att det är colonbakterier som styr vår hälsa?

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Kul med lite ny input.. du får gärna  sammanfatta, det vesäntliga!

 

Sen så.. Laurinsyra var ingen lång fettsyra senast jag kollade utan en medellång.. dvs MCT.. som i andra studier visat sig ha bra egenskaper i tarmen iomed att den omvandlas till monolaurin.

 

Är det samma gamla mumbojumbo om att det är colonbakterier som styr vår hälsa?

 

 

Här är en kort sammanfattning, ska se om jag kan se vilka fettsyror de menar.

 

Dietary fatty acids affect the development and progression of autoimmune chronic-inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis. In a collaborative study, researchers now found that long-chain fatty acids promote the development and propagation of CNS reactive immune cells in the intestinal wall. On the contrary, short-chain fatty acids promote the development and propagation of regulatory cells in the immune system.

 

Lite mer:

 

In the current study, researchers demonstrated in both the cell culture dish and in an experimental model, that long-chain fatty acids, such as lauric acid, promote the development and propagation of inflammatory cells in the intestinal wall. On the contrary, short-chain fatty acids, first and foremost propionic acid (or its salt propionate), lead to the development and propagation of regulatory cells of the immune system in the intestinal wall. These cells have the capacity to regulate excessive inflammatory responses and autoreactive immune cells.

 

Interestingly enough, the researchers did not observe any effects of dietary fatty acids once the intestine was entirely germ-free. This suggests that the intestinal microbiome is directly involved in the mechanism of fatty acid action. Further experiments showed that it is rather the metabolic products of the microbiome than a single bacterial strain which is holds responsible for the observed effects.

 

Så ... microbiome behövs för att aktivera de positiva effekterna från fettsyrorna? Vad är hönan/ägget här?

 

 

 

Här är studien: http://www.cell.com/immunity/pdf/S1074-7613(15)00392-1.pdf

 

Sammanfattningen på framsidan av artikeln

 

Highlights

Dietary fatty acids have profound influence on T cell differentiation in the gut

Middle- and long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) support Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) lead to increased Treg cell differentiation

LCFAs worsen disease in an animal model of MS; SCFAs exert the opposite effect

 

 

Jag antar att vid autoimmuna sjukdomar har man för lite Treg?

  • Like 1
Link to comment
Share on other sites

SCFA, finns det mest i animaliskt fett? Eller är det fermenterade grönsaker?

 

Vet inte men antar att de mest finns/bildas i colon.. eller via annan fermentering?

 

Hur som helst så lär det finnas smörsyra (butyrat) i smör och andra mejerier.. acetat är inget annat än vinäger.. eller rättare sagt det bildas i processen som gör vin till vinäger.

 

Propionat är inget annat än surströmmingsspad.. en annan fermenterad produkt!

 

Jag är för det mesta väldigt skeptisk mot de som brukar framhålla olika fermenteringsprodukter i colon som att de styr vår hälsa, däremot så är det inte okänt att de kan bidra till hälsa!

 

Eller rättare sagt.. avsaknaden av dessa fermenterade ämnen kan vara en indikation på dålig tarmhälsa och dålig kost över huvud taget!

 

Det visar sig oftast att det handlar om utslagen flora och fauna i colon.. av diverse skäl.. medikamenter, dålig mat, högprocessad mat utan vare sig vegetabiliska eller animaliska fibrer!

 

Vi har tarmbakterier som har som uppgift att bryta ner både vegetabiliska fibrer eller RS.. men man glömmer ofta att vi har andra som skall bryta ner animaliska oxå!

 

De sistnämnda har jag för mig är de som mest bildar proprionat.. men jag är osäker!

 

Så om det är som jag misstänker så ät mer svål och brosk!

  • Like 1
Link to comment
Share on other sites

Bara en dum fråga... Är det här det vanliga potatismjöl snacket fast i avancerad form? ;)

 

Jag har bara läst lite svepande, men vad jag kan se säger man inget om hur eller från vad SCFA och LCFA kommer. Utan man bara testar effekten av att tillföra dessa fettsyror, dels på cellodling och på en musmodell av MS.

 

De skriver i artikeln att

 

The gut microbiome, along with various dietary habits such as high salt intake, has been recently established as an environmental contributor to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) (Berer et al., 2011; Kleinewietfeld et al., 2013), a T-cellmediated autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with neurodegenerative features (Haghikia et al., 2013). Previous interdisciplinary research has led to the contemporary view that the autoimmune basis of MS stems from an imbalance between pathogenic pro-inflammatory Th1 and/or Th17 cells and anti-inflammatory or regulatory mechanisms of immune cells including Treg cells (Kleinewietfeld and Hafler, 2014).

 

Och enligt dem så påverkar SCFA och LCFA, i kombination med microbiome, immunförsvaret olika. 

 

PS. Personligen så tycker jag potatismjölsgrejen är "ointressant". Ät grönsaker istället. Det jag funderar på när jag läser detta  är 1) vikten av grönsaker, 2) syrade produkter och 3) kanske animaliska fetter, som späck etc, kan vara av intresse? Lite osäker på vilka fettsyror de innehåller... och man vet fortfarande inte varför ketogena dieter har sån positiv effekt på neurologiska sjukdomar. Lite tankar bara.

  • Like 1
Link to comment
Share on other sites

Join the conversation

You can post now and register later. If you have an account, sign in now to post with your account.
Note: Your post will require moderator approval before it will be visible.

Guest
Reply to this topic...

×   Pasted as rich text.   Paste as plain text instead

  Only 75 emoji are allowed.

×   Your link has been automatically embedded.   Display as a link instead

×   Your previous content has been restored.   Clear editor

×   You cannot paste images directly. Upload or insert images from URL.

×
×
  • Create New...